Journal article
2005
APA
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Baker, B. W., & Westbrook, C. (2005). DECLINING BEAVER POPULATIONS IN ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK.
Chicago/Turabian
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Baker, B. W., and C. Westbrook. “DECLINING BEAVER POPULATIONS IN ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK” (2005).
MLA
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Baker, B. W., and C. Westbrook. DECLINING BEAVER POPULATIONS IN ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK. 2005.
BibTeX Click to copy
@article{b2005a,
title = {DECLINING BEAVER POPULATIONS IN ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK},
year = {2005},
author = {Baker, B. W. and Westbrook, C.}
}
Populations of beaver and willow have not thrived in riparian environments that are heavily 1 browsed by livestock or ungulates, such as elk. The interaction of beaver and elk herbivory may be an 2 important mechanism underlying beaver and willow declines in this competitive environment. We 3 conducted a field experiment that compared the standing crop of willow 3 years after simulated 4 beaver cutting on paired plants with and without intense elk browsing (~85% utilization rate). 5 Simulated beaver cutting with intense elk browsing produced willow that was small (biomass and 6 diameter) and short with far fewer but longer shoots and a high percentage of dead biomass. In 7 contrast, simulated beaver cutting without elk browsing produced willow that was large, tall, and 8 leafy with many more but shorter shoots (highly branched) and a low percentage of dead biomass. 9